Understanding Coin Flip Probabilities

Scenario Overview

If Dr. Johnson flips a coin and observes “heads” four consecutive times, one might wonder about the likelihood of obtaining “heads” on the fifth flip.

Probability Calculation

The outcome of each coin flip is independent of previous flips. Therefore, whether the previous results were “heads” or “tails,” the odds of getting “heads” on the fifth flip remain unchanged.

Conclusion

Thus, the probability of Dr. Johnson flipping “heads” again is 50%.