Investigation into Herbal Medicine Usage in Germany
Research Overview
Researchers in Germany conducted a study using focus groups to explore the motivations behind individuals’ choices to use herbal medicine and the specific medical conditions for which they utilize these remedies. The adoption of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) varies significantly across different cultures and nations. For instance, in the United States, a study noted an increase in the use of alternative medicine from 34% in 1990 to 42% in 1997. However, studies assessing the reasons for using alternative medicine have yielded inconsistent results, possibly due to variations in the definitions of therapy types.
Definition of Herbal Medicine
The researchers defined herbal medicine to include “all plant-derived products including their natural forms, as well as pills derived from extracts.” They reported their findings in the journal BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
Participant Recruitment and Methodology
To recruit participants, the researchers utilized local newspaper advertisements and flyers targeting individuals who either used or were interested in herbal medicine. A total of 46 participants were organized into six focus groups based on age demographics: two groups of younger individuals aged 18 to 35 years, two groups of middle-aged participants aged 36 to 59 years, and two groups of elderly individuals over 60 years. Each focus group session lasted approximately two hours and was moderated by one of the investigators, who guided discussions through semi-structured questions. The sessions were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed meticulously.
Main Findings on Herbal Medicine Usage
The predominant reason cited for using herbal medicine among all age groups was “treating illness.” Additionally, “preventing illness” and “promoting health” were particularly noted in the elderly groups. Herbal remedies were mainly employed for mild to moderate health issues, such as colds, flu, sleep disturbances, and musculoskeletal concerns. Participants often viewed herbal medicine as a preliminary option before resorting to conventional treatments and acknowledged its limitations in addressing severe health conditions.
Influences on Herbal Medicine Preferences
Some participants reported administering herbal remedies to their children. Factors such as dissatisfaction with conventional medicine, positive past experiences with herbal treatments, and family traditions contributed to their preference for herbal solutions. Participants also relied on personal research and family history as key sources of information regarding herbal medicine, alongside consultations with medicinal experts. Notably, the discussions did not address the potential side effects or harm associated with herbal remedies.
Conclusions of the Study
This qualitative study aimed to shed light on the reasons behind the use of herbal medicine. The findings indicated that participants primarily sought herbal remedies for mild to moderate illnesses while being cognizant of their limitations in treating serious health issues. However, there was a concerning lack of awareness regarding potential side effects or risks associated with herbal treatments.
Concerns Regarding Self-Medication
Participants typically self-medicated without consulting herbal specialists and often did not disclose their use of herbal remedies to their healthcare providers. The researchers expressed concern that this lack of awareness could lead to potential harm, especially among elderly users who may be on multiple medications. They recommend that medical professionals increase awareness about the possible risks associated with herbal medicine.
Reference
Welz AN, Emberger-Klein A, Menrad K. Why people use herbal medicine: insights from a focus-group study in Germany. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2018) 18.92. DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2160-6.