Impact of Diet on ALS Quality of Life

Understanding Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord responsible for movement. As the motor neurons deteriorate, individuals with ALS experience a gradual decline in their ability to initiate or control muscle movements. This condition adversely influences both voluntary functions, such as walking and speaking, as well as involuntary functions, including breathing and digestion. ALS gained significant public attention in 1939 when Major League Baseball player Lou Gehrig was diagnosed with the disease, leading to its alternative name, “Lou Gehrig’s Disease.”

Current Treatments and Dietary Considerations

While there is currently no cure for ALS, existing treatments aim to slow the disease’s progression and preserve muscle function for as long as possible. Fresh fruits and vegetables are well-known components of a healthy diet, providing essential fiber and nutrients like antioxidants and carotenoids. However, the specific impact of nutrition on muscle function in ALS patients remains less understood.

Recent Research Findings

A study published in JAMA Neurology in October 2016 explored the relationship between dietary intake of fresh fruits and vegetables and muscle function in ALS patients. Dr. Jeri Nieves and her team at Columbia University collected data over five years from 302 ALS patients across 16 clinics in the United States.

Participants’ dietary intake was evaluated using the Food Frequency Questionnaire, while muscle and respiratory functions were assessed through the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale and forced vital capacity scores, respectively. The analysis revealed that individuals consuming higher amounts of fruits, vegetables, antioxidants, and carotenoids demonstrated improved muscle function.

Conclusions

Although the study could not isolate individual nutrients, the findings suggest that a diet rich in fresh produce may enhance the quality of life for those living with ALS.

Written by Debra A. Kellen, PhD
Reference: Nieves, J. W. et al. (2016). Association Between Dietary Intake and Function in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. JAMA Neurology, (12), 1425-1432.