Impact of Soy Protein on Cholesterol Levels
Overview of Recent Findings
A recent study has investigated the effects of soy protein on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol. The FDA is currently re-evaluating data regarding soy protein’s cholesterol-lowering effects.
Historical Context
In 2006, a scientific advisory committee from the American Heart Association (AHA) concluded that there was insufficient evidence to support the claim that soy protein reduces cholesterol levels.
Study Methodology
Researchers from St. Michael’s Hospital in Toronto conducted a meta-analysis, reviewing data from 46 trials as identified by the FDA, to assess the impact of soy protein on cholesterol. Out of these trials, 43 provided sufficient evaluable data for the analysis, with 41 trials specifically focusing on the effects of soy protein on LDL cholesterol, known for contributing to cholesterol build-up in arteries.
Key Findings
The researchers found that soy protein resulted in a modest yet significant reduction in LDL cholesterol, with results indicating a decrease of 3-4%. Lead researcher Dr. Jenkins posited that the actual reduction could be greater, as individuals may replace high-saturated fat and cholesterol meats with healthier plant-based proteins. He stated, “The existing data and our analysis of it suggest soy protein contributes to heart health.”
Implications for Dietary Choices
These findings are encouraging for individuals looking to incorporate more plant-based proteins into their diets, a recommendation supported by the new Canadian Food Guide.
References
Blanco Mejia, S. et al. 2019. Pubmed. [Online]. [5 June 2019]. Available from: Eurekalert. 2019. Soy protein lowers cholesterol, study suggests. [Online]. [5 June 2019]. Available from: https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-05/smh-spl050619.php