Link Between Flu Infections and Heart Attacks Explored by Canadian Researchers

Overview of Influenza in Canada

In Canada, more than one million people contract the flu annually. This respiratory illness is caused by the influenza viruses A, B, C, or D. While most individuals recover within a week, those aged 65 and older are particularly vulnerable to complications associated with the flu. Each year, over 12,000 cases require hospitalization, and more than 3,000 of these result in fatalities. The 2018 flu season has been noted as one of the most severe in recent years, with hospitalization rates increasing by 34% compared to 2017.

Heart Attack Risk Linked to Flu Infection

Following this particularly deadly flu season, researchers are advising individuals affected by influenza to monitor for symptoms of heart attacks. As published in the British Medical Journal, a study conducted by Canadian researchers indicates that patients with confirmed influenza infections are six times more likely to experience a heart attack within the first seven days of infection. This risk is notably higher for individuals over 65 years old and those infected with influenza strain B.

Study Details and Findings

Previous research has suggested a connection between influenza and heart attacks, but often relied on self-diagnosis from patients. The Canadian study, however, confirmed flu infections through laboratory tests and differentiated cases based on influenza strains. Among 19,729 confirmed influenza cases, the researchers identified 332 patients who were hospitalized for heart attacks within the first year. Notably, twenty of these heart attack cases occurred within the initial seven days after diagnosis, contrasting with only 3.3 cases during the same week one year prior and one year later. The study found that 52% of the patients were male, with an average age of 77 years.

Recommendations for Patients

The authors of the study emphasize the importance of recognizing heart attack symptoms for those experiencing flu-like symptoms. Key signs to watch for include tightness in the chest, sudden dizziness, and discomfort in the jaw, neck, back, or arms. Individuals encountering unexplained chest and upper body pain should seek medical assistance without delay. To minimize the risk of contracting the flu, vaccination and regular handwashing remain the most effective preventive measures.

Reference

Wise, Jacqui. “Flu infection raises risk of heart attack in first seven days.” (2018): k329.