Innovative Use of 3D Printing in Medical Applications

Development of Flexible Meshes

A recent study has leveraged 3D printing technology to create flexible meshes designed for various medical applications, including ankle and knee braces. This advancement is notable as 3D printing has enabled the production of numerous medical devices, such as hearing aids, dental crowns, and limb prosthetics. Traditionally, these devices have been constructed from solid, inflexible materials that provide optimal support. However, such rigid materials are less suitable for regions of the body characterized by soft tissue, such as muscles and tendons.

Research Findings

In a paper published in *Advanced Functional Materials*, researchers led by Pattinson explored the potential of pliable, 3D printed flexible meshes to support ankle and knee joints. The team utilized thermoplastic polyurethane to create the mesh, employing a wavy pattern that mimics the natural structure of collagen found in ligaments, tendons, and muscles.

For the ankle support, the researchers designed a long strip of mesh that was adhered to the outside of the ankle. A specialized robot measured the force exerted by the ankle, both with and without the mesh, while moving it in twelve different directions. Results indicated that the mesh enhanced ankle stiffness specifically during inversion movements, which are frequently associated with ankle sprains. This increased stiffness during such movements could potentially lower the risk of sprains.

The team also developed a knee brace featuring a mesh with auxetic structures, which expand when pulled apart. This design allowed the knee brace to conform to the knee joint, facilitating natural movement while still providing necessary support.

Future Implications of 3D Printed Meshes

Pattinson and his colleagues have showcased the promise of 3D printing in producing flexible meshes that can adequately support soft tissues, like the ankle and knee joints. They are optimistic that their designs can be adapted for various body parts. For example, they propose that implantable hernia meshes could be engineered with a combination of flexible and rigid materials, allowing the mesh to stretch to a certain extent before stiffening to prevent muscle overstraining.

The researchers also suggest that this innovative technology could be utilized in the creation of flexible meshes across a range of other medical devices, including surgical meshes, orthotics, and cardiovascular devices.

Author Information

Written by Haisam Shah, BSc

Reference

Pattinson, S. W., Huber, M. E., Kim, S., Lee, J., Grunsfeld, S., Roberts, R., … & Hart, A. J. (2019). Additive Manufacturing of Biomechanically Tailored Meshes for Compliant Wearable and Implantable Devices. *Advanced Functional Materials*, 1901815.

Image Credit

Image by krzysztof-m from Pixabay